Lecture 06: Describing Language Syntax

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Question		Answer
what are regular grammars start learning		regular grammars (equivalently, regular expressions) are useful for defining languages’ lexical structure;
what re context-free grammars start learning		context-free grammars (CFG) for defining language syntax.
CFG is the ___ ___ used way to describe programming language. start learning		CFG is the most widely used way to describe programming language.
what is the formal definition for CFG start learning		a context-free grammar is a tuple G = (T, N, S,P)
if a context-free grammar is a tuple G = (T, N, S,P) what is T start learning		T is a finite nonempty set of terminal symbols, which consist of strings in the language (such as while), which refer to parts of the text of sentences in the language.
if a context-free grammar is a tuple G = (T, N, S,P) what is N start learning		N is a finite nonempty set of non-terminal symbols, disjoint from T. These refer to syntactic structures defined by other structures and rules (e.g., <exp>).
if a context-free grammar is a tuple G = (T, N, S,P) what is S start learning		S ∈ N (the start symbol),
if a context-free grammar is a tuple G = (T, N, S,P) what is P start learning		P is a set of (context-free) productions of the form A → α (reads A produces α) where A ∈ N and α ∈ (T ∪ N)∗.
What is the standard shorthand notation for context-free grammars (CFG) start learning		[1] The start symbol is that given on the left-hand-side of the first rule. [2] For each non-terminal symbol we use \| to separate the alternative right-hand sides of the production rules.
write G2 in short hand G2 = (T, N, S, P) where T = {a, b}, N = {S, C} and P ={S →ε, S →C, S →aSa, S →bSb, C → a, C → b}. start learning		G2 can be written as follows: S → ε \| C \| aSa \| bSb C → a \| b
What does BNF stand for? start learning		Backus-Naur Form

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Lecture 01: Introduction to Programming Languages

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