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The first person to distinguish psychology from philosophy or biology start learning
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The belief that we see reality as it really is (objectively and without bias); that the facts are plain for all to see. start learning
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Founded by Titchener, division of psychology that seeks to identify all aspects of thinking start learning
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Founded by William James, a division of psychology influenced by Darwin that seeks to uncover the purpose of behavior and thoughts. start learning
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Researched by BF Skinner, Watson, and Pavlov, a faction of psychology that seeks to objectively test the laws of behavior. start learning
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Founded by Jean Piaget, a class of psychology that factors in a person's conscious thoughts and stimulus as a reason for behavior. start learning
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Cognitivism (cognitive psychology)
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An arm of psychology headed by Sigmund Freud that focuses on unconsious thoughts and desires as an explaination for behavior. start learning
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The "devil", unconsious urges and desires start learning
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The consious self, the part of you that weighs decisions, stuck in the middle start learning
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The "angel", where morals and ideals are stored start learning
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The tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions, leading to statistical errors. start learning
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The tendency to stick to initial beliefs when evidence contradicts them. start learning
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Principal that sometimes the simplest solution is the correct one. start learning
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What was Sigmund Freud right about? start learning
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There are unconscious drives that lead to behaviors.
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What is the definition of psychology? start learning
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The study of the mind, brain, and behavior
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Rungs on a ladder of analysis with lower levels tied most closely to biological influences and higher levels tied most closely to social influences start learning
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Caused by several factors start learning
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Variations among people in their thinking, emotion, personality, and behavior start learning
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explanation for a large number of findings in the natural world start learning
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Assertion about the world that is not testable start learning
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A set of claims that seem scientific but aren't start learning
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A loophole that defenders of a theory use to protect their theory from falsification start learning
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Ad hoc immunizing hypothesis
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The tendency to detect meaningful patterns in random stimuli start learning
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A theory proposing that our awareness of our death leaves us with an underlying sense of terror with which we cope by adopting reassuring cultural worldviews start learning
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An error of assuming that because one thing is associated with another, it must cause the other start learning
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Correlation-Causation Fallacy
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a mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound argument start learning
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Capable of being disproved start learning
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When a study's findings are able to be duplicated ideally by independent investigators start learning
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The fact that the size of certain psychological findings appears to be shrinking over time start learning
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Method by which trained observers carefully reflect and report on their mental experiences start learning
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Principal that organisms that possess adaptations survive and reproduce at a higher rate than do other organisms start learning
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A relatively new field of psychology that examines the relation between brain functioning and thinking start learning
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A discipline that applies Darwin's theory of natural selection to human and animal behavior start learning
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Research examining how we can use basic research to solve real-world problems start learning
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Type of psychologist that performs assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders; also does research start learning
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Type of psychologist that works with people experiencing temporary or relatively self contained problems start learning
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Type of psychologist that studies how and why people change over time start learning
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Developmental psychologist
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Use research methods to study memory, language, thinking and social behaviors of humans start learning
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Experimental psychologist
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Examines the physiological bases of behavior in animals and humans start learning
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works in prisons, jails, etc. to assess and diagnose inmates and assist with their rehabilitation and treatment; others conduct research on eyewitness testimony or jury decision making start learning
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Works in companies and businesses to help select productive employees, evaluate performance, examine the effects of different working and living conditions on behavior start learning
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Industrial-Organizational (aka environmental) psychologists
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