lesson 2 SIMPLE PRESENT

 0    66 flashcards    josehbaltazar
download mp3 print play test yourself
 
Question English Answer English
SIMPLE PRESENT
You need...
start learning
SUBJECT + VERB
You need a boyfriend that says to you "I love you, baby"
The SIMPLE PRESENT is used to make statements about the present time, for permanent facts that are always true.
start learning
The night is dark.
The SIMPLE PRESENT is used to make statements about the present time, for present facts that are true now.
start learning
I feel happy.
The SIMPLE PRESENT is used to make statements about the present time, for habitual actions.
start learning
I get up late.
Examples
I do my best. Period. I look great. I know. I speak Spanish.
start learning
I take care of my mom. I write mystery novels. I believe.
I like to like. I work 24/7. I cook Russian food.
The SIMPLE PRESENT is also used to talk about scheduled events in the near future, for example, when talking about events that happen at a set of time like timetables, meetings or programs.
The next train arrives at 1 a.m... Enjoy me while you wait! (to get pleasure from something)
start learning
The train arrives at 1 a.m. The meeting begins after lunch. The show ends in five minutes.
QUESTION: To make a Simple Present question use: DO/DOES + SUBJECT + INFINITIVE without "to"
Do you read?
start learning
Do you work? Do you like music? Do you go to the movies? Do you like travelling?
No, I don't.
NEGATIVE To take a Simple Present negative use:
I don't like... I don't like people.
start learning
SUBJECT + DON'T/DOESN'T + INFINITIVE without to
DO + NOT=DON'T; DOES + NOT= DOESN'T
The 3rd person singular in Simple Present
I look great, you look great, We look great, you look great, they look great.
start learning
In Simple Present, add S to the verb in the third person singular (he, she, it)
He looks great, She looks great, It looks great.
for verbs ending in O,
do
start learning
add ES
does
for verbs ending in S,
kiss
start learning
add ES
kisses
for verbs ending in X,
mix
start learning
add ES
mixes
for verbs ending in CH.
catch
start learning
add ES
catches
for verbs ending in SH,
push
start learning
add ES
pushes
for verbs ending in Y after a consonant
cry
start learning
change Y to IES
cries
Use "does" for QUESTIONS
Does he stink? Does she stink? Does it stink?
start learning
and "doesn't to form NEGATIVES
He doesn't snore. She doesn't snore. It doesn't snore.
PLURALS When a countable noun refers to two or more things,
computer, phantom, umbrella, house, book, hat
start learning
use the plural form of the noun.
Plurals are generally created by ADDING S to the noun. computers, phantoms, umbrellas, houses, books, hats.
With some nouns it is a little different.
start learning
These are the most COMMON EXCEPTIONS.
FOR NOUNS ENDING IN: O, S, X, ZZ, CH, SH
potato, kiss, box, buzz, witch, dish
start learning
add ES
potatoes, kisses, boxes, buzzes, witches, dishes
For a noun ending in Z,
quiz
start learning
add ZES.
quizzes
And for some nouns ending in O,
photo, piano
start learning
add S
photos, pianos
CONSONANT + Y
city
start learning
change Y to IES
cities
MOST NOUNS ENDING IN F OR FE
wolf
start learning
change to VES
wolves
MOST NOUNS ENDING IN IS
crisis
start learning
change to ES
crises
IRREGULAR PLURALS
start learning
IRREGULAR NOUNS don't follow the previous rules. These are the most common. man-men; woman-women; child-children; foot-feet; sheep-sheep; tooth-teeth; person-people; mouse-mice
A COUNTABLE NOUN can have a number in front of it and can be plural:
start learning
3 years, 2 suitcases, 1 rabbit.
An UNCOUNTABLE NOUN cannot have a number in front of it and there is no plural form:
start learning
air, water, oil, hope
ARTICLES WITH COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
start learning
A/AN, THE
Use a COUNTABLE NOUN: with A/AN the first time you use that noun
start learning
There is a naked man in the garden.
A- when the noun starts with consonant; AN - when the noun starts with vowel
start learning
a friend; an egg
Use a COUNTABLE NOUN: with THE The subsequent times you use the noun, or when the listener already knows what you are referring to.
start learning
The naked man is dancing.
Use a PLURAL COUNTABLE NOUN with NO ARTICLE when you speak in general.
start learning
I don't like children.
Use an UNCOUNTABLE NOUN with NO ARTICLE if you mean all or any of that thing.
start learning
I don't need help.
Use an UNCOUNTABLE NOUN with THE when you are talking about a particular example.
start learning
Thanks for the help you didn't give me before.
How much
start learning
How many
Use "how much"
How much is it?
start learning
to ask about something that is UNCOUNTABLE
Use "how many"
How many would you like?
start learning
to ask about something that is COUNTABLE
1 orange, 2 oranges, 3 oranges
SOME and ANY
start learning
are used when the speaker doesn't specify a number or an exact amount.
SOME is used in POSITIVE SENTENCES with uncountable nouns
start learning
You have some butter on your nose
SOME is used in POSITIVE SENTENCES with plural countable nouns
start learning
You have some boogers in your nose.
Booger or Boogers may refer to: Mucus or snot, always dried nasal mucus (U.S. colloquial)
ANY is used in QUESTIONS and NEGATIVE SENTENCES with uncountable nouns:
start learning
I don't want any risk in my life.
ANY is used in QUESTIONS and NEGATIVE SENTENCES with plural countable nouns:
start learning
Do you have any friends?
Use SOME in questions when offering/requesting:
Two common exceptions to these rules: 1
start learning
Would you like some more tea, darling?
Use ANY in positive sentences when it means "it doesn't matter which":
Two common exceptions to these rules: 2
start learning
You can call me at any time.
What's that noise? Is that a rat? Are there any rats?
start learning
Yes... There are some rats. Well, a lot of rats!
Are they close?
start learning
Yes, very close! And they are big! Some of them look hungry... with big teeth.
Are there any subway employees around?
start learning
No, there aren't any subway employees!
THERE IS THERE ARE
start learning
"There is" and "there are" are used to say that something exists or doesn't exist.
THERE IS is used for a singular subject.
start learning
there is a nice rink. There is no King Kong. Yes, there is a guy skating on an ice rink and there is a girl skating on a building? No, there isn't.
THERE ARE is used for a plural subject.
start learning
There are a lot of buildings. There are no trees. Are there any school buses? Yes, there are. Are there people skating?
Demonstratives
start learning
THIS, THESE, THAT, THOSE
Demonstratives are used to show the distance from the speaker.
start learning
The distance can be psychological or physical.
THIS
start learning
for singular nouns that are near.
THESE
start learning
for plural nouns that are near.
THAT
start learning
for singular nouns that are far.
THOSE
start learning
for plural nouns that are far.
Demonstratives can be: PRONOUNS
start learning
This is the dead tree. I don't like that. These are mine. Those are my neighbors.
Demonstratives can be: ADJECTIVES
start learning
This tree is dead. I came in that car. I left these garbage bags. Those guys are unpleasant.
POSSESSIVES PRONOUNS and ADJECTIVES
SUBJECT PRONOUN: I, You, He, She, It, We, You, They.
start learning
POSSESSIVE PRONOUN: MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, ITS, OURS, YOURS, THEIRS
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE: MY, YOUR, HIS, HER, ITS, OUR, YOUR, THEIR
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS are used instead of a noun.
She is mine. Vivian's husband is every woman's dream husband.
start learning
Peggy's dress is pink. Mine is black.
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES are usually to describe a noun, and, like other adjectives, come before the noun.
start learning
My dress is nicer than her dress.
Use a SINGULAR NOUN with 'S to show possession:
'S + NOUNS
start learning
I don't like my sister's boy friend.
Use S' with a REGULAR PLURAL NOUN.
start learning
I love ladies' shoes.
Use 'S with an IRREGULAR PLURAL NOUN:
start learning
I don't care about men's shoes.
With NAMES:
start learning
Kate's dog barks every night. Do you have Susan's phone number?
When a name ends in S, treat it like any other singular noun and add 'S
start learning
Don't eat Charles's breakfast.

You must sign in to write a comment