Verbs 5

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Question American English Answer American English
to form or express an uncertain estimate or conclusion (about something), based on insufficient information
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guess
1. Guess what I did for the whole of the first week 2. He should have guessed what would happen
If you ... a young animal, you keep and look after it until it is old enough to be used for work or food, or until it can look after itself 🇬🇧
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rear
In 🇺🇸 = raise
She spends a lot of time rearing animals.
If something ... you, it makes you angry.
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rile (up)
Cancellations and late departures rarely rile him
If something such as someone's behaviour... on you or..., it makes you feel annoyed.
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grate
His manner always grated on me.
When something..., it rubs against something else making a harsh, unpleasant sound.
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grate
His chair grated as he got to his feet
If one thing... another, the first thing causes the second thing to start happening.
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spark
The proposals are expected to spark heated debate.
If something ..., little visual signs of fire or light come from it.
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spark
If you ... someone or something, you make their movement, development, or progress difficult.
formal
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impede
Fallen rock is impeding the progress of rescue workers
If you say that a situation, problem, or feeling is..., you disapprove of the fact that it is being allowed to grow more unpleasant or full of anger, because it is not being properly recognized or dealt with.
disapproval
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fester
Resentments are starting to fester.
If something ... it makes a repeated sharp banging noise.
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knock
When you say that vehicles such as trains and buses ... from one place to another, you mean they regularly travel along that route.
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run
A shuttle bus runs frequently between the Inn and the Country Club.
If something ... an event or process, it prevents it or slows it down.
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hinder/ inhibit/ crack down on something/ arrest
If something such as clothing or cloth is... with a design, the design is stitched into it.
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embroider
I have a pillow with my name embroidered on it
If you ... with someone, you reach an agreement with them in which you both give up something that you originally wanted.
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compromise
When you ... in a vehicle such as a car, you travel in it.
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ride
He prefers travelling on the Tube to riding in a limousine.
To ... printed text means to adjust the spaces between the words so that each line of type is exactly the same length.
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justify
Click on this icon to align or justify text.
to package again, esp. in or as in a better or more attractive package
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repackage
If you are... by something, you are so interested in it or so attracted to it that you cannot think about anything else.
also: to hipnotize 🇺🇸
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mesmerize
She has a mesmerising smile.
to evade an obligation, duty, or the like; renege
followed by "out of"
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weasel
That's one invitation I'd like to weasel out of
To ... a person or organization means to criticize them severely, usually in public.
formal
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excoriate
He proceeded to excoriate me in front of the nurses
If a situation, a rule, or a person ... you to do something, they force you to do it.
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compel
... the introduction of legislation to compel cyclists to wear a helmet.
If you ... (away) from someone or something, you move away from them because you are frightened, shocked, or disgusted by them.
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shrink
I shrink from the sight of blood.
to make weak; deprive of strength
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enfeeble
If someone ... you from something, they rescue or save you from it. Used in common prayer.
old-fashioned
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deliver
I have given thanks to God for delivering me from that pain
If something interesting or surprising ... your attention, you suddenly notice it and then continue to look at it or consider it carefully.
formal
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arrest
The work of an architect of genius always arrests the attention no matter how little remains.
If something ... a light or shadow somewhere, it causes it to appear there.
also metaphorical
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cast a shadow/ light over/on something
indulgent in matters of sex
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permissive
I told you that this girl is permissive.
If one person ... with another person, the two people agree. You can also say that two people...
formal
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concur
Both doctors concurred in this decision
If you are... by an animal, you are violently attacked by it and badly injured.
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maul
The dog went berserk and mauled one of the girls
If someone is..., they are attacked aggressively, and often harmed in some way.
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maul
The cable-TV and health-care industries are both being mauled by government
If a situation, attitude, or custom ... in a particular place at a particular time, it is normal or most common in that place at that time
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prevail
1. A similar situation prevails in America 2. How people bury their dead says much about the prevailing attitudes toward death
If someone is... by a sports team or organization, they are no longer included in that team or employed by that organization.
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drop
The country's captain was dropped from the tour party to England.
If you ... someone or something, you push them with a quick, violent movement
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shove
He was then shoved face down on the pavement
If you ... on someone, you listen secretly to what they are saying.
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eavesdrop
The government illegally eavesdropped on his phone conversations
to try too hard to please someone, especially someone in a position of authority, in a way that other people find unpleasant:
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brown-nose
The rest of the class were sick of watching him brown-nose.
If a person or vehicle ... somewhere, they move fast and in an uncontrolled way.
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career 🇬🇧 / careen 🇺🇸
His car careered into a river.
To ... doubt on something means to cause people to be unsure about it.
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cast
Last night a top criminal psychologist cast doubt on the theory.
If you ... from doing something or ... at the idea of something, you refuse to do it or accept it because you dislike it so much.
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recoil
People used to recoil from the idea of getting into debt
If something makes you ..., you move your body quickly away from it because it frightens, offends, or hurts you
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recoil
For a moment I thought he was going to kiss me. I recoiled in horror
If a vehicle... the road well, it remains in close contact with the road and can be controlled safely and easily
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hold
I thought the car held the road really well
... is used with nouns such as 'party', 'meeting', 'talks', 'election', and 'trial' to indicate that people are organizing a particular activity.
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hold
If you ... at something, you react to it angrily, and show this in your expression or the way you move.
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bristle
Ellis bristles at accusations that Berkeley's experiment is ill-conceived
If someone or something is... by problems or fears, they have many problems or fears which affect them severely
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beset
1. The country is beset by severe economic problems 2. The discussions were beset with difficulties
If you... someone, you say or show that you are disappointed, upset, or angry because they have done something wrong.
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reproach
She is quick to reproach anyone who doesn't live up to her own high standards.
If you ... a particular policy, cause, or belief, you become very interested in it and give your support to it.
formal
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espouse
She ran away with him to Mexico and espoused the revolutionary cause.
If you ..., you move slightly, for example because you are uncomfortable or beginning to wake up.
written
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stir
he stirred in his sleep
If you do not ... from a place, you do not move from it.
written
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stir
There's something you could study without stirring from this room.
If something ... or if the wind ... it, it moves gently in the wind.
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stir
Palm trees stir in the soft Pacific breeze.
If you ... yourself, or if something...... you into action, you move in order to start doing something.
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stir
Stir yourself! We've got a visitor
If something ... you, it makes you react with a strong emotion.
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stir
I was intrigued by him, stirred by his intellect.
If you are... by something, you find it very difficult to take action or to continue what you are doing.
informal
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stymie
Companies have been stymied by the length of time it takes to reach an agreement.
When people ... somewhere, they walk together in a formal group or a line, usually with other people watching them.
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parade
More than four thousand soldiers, sailors and airmen paraded down the Champs Elysees
When passengers ... from a ship, aeroplane, or bus, they leave it at the end of their journey
formal
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disembark
I looked towards the plane. Six passengers had already disembarked
If you say that someone ... something such as a distinctive item of clothing, you mean that they wear it without any shyness.
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sport
1. He sported a collarless jacket with pleated black panels 2. He was heavily-built and sported a red moustache
If you... your hopes or faith on something or you hope very much that it will produce the result you want.
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pin
The Democrats are pinning their hopes on the next election.
to repair or mend, esp in a makeshift manner
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doctor
If you ... something, you avoid it by quickly moving aside or out of reach so that it cannot hit or reach you.
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dodge
He desperately dodged a speeding car trying to run him down.
If you ... you feel that everything is wrong and that nothing will improve.
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despair
He does despair at much of the press criticism
to yield (an advantage or concession) to (one's opponent 🇺🇸
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spot
to spot someone a piece in chess
When a plant or tree ..., it produces flowers. When a flower ..., it opens.
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bloom
This plant blooms between May and June
If you ... a picture, you copy it by covering it with a piece of transparent paper and drawing over the lines underneath.
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trace
She learned to draw by tracing pictures out of old storybooks
If people are... somewhere, they are provided with accommodation for a short time, usually while they are working away from home.
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quarter
Our soldiers are quartered in Peredelkino.
If you ... something, you fail to do it properly, because you make mistakes or are clumsy.
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bungle
... the FBI's bungled attempt to end the 51 day siege
To be the victim of a conspiracy; to lose a seemingly fair contest because of deceit
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get jobbed
The Marocco got jobbed in semifinal
If you ... someone about something such as a possible danger or problem, you tell them about it so that they are aware of it.
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warn
He also warned of a possible anti-Western backlash.
If you... your nose or teeth, you remove substances from inside your nose or between your teeth.
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pick
Edgar, don't pick your nose, dear.
If you ... a particular thing as the reason for doing or not doing something, you give it as your excuse
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plead something
I plead the fifth amendment, your honor
When someone... a particular age, they pass that age. When it... a particular time, it passes that time.
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turn
1. It was his ambition to accumulate a million dollars before he turned thirty. 2. It had just turned twelve o'clock
to hold, catch, carry, or balance precariously; almost drop and then catch hold again
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juggle
The wide receiver juggled the ball but finally made the catch
If you ... something that is closed, tied, or held together, you loosen or remove the thing holding it.
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undo
I undid the bottom two buttons of my yellow and grey shirt.
If you are... on something, you are strongly determined to do or have it. If you are ... against something, you are strongly determined not to do or have it.
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set
The talks are set to continue through the week.
To... a trap means to prepare it to catch someone or something.
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set
They dug trenches in their path and set booby traps.
If you ... a law or moral principle, you agree not to break it.
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respect
It is about time tour operators respected the law and their own code of conduct.
To ... something means to improve its value, quality, or attractiveness.
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enhance
We have to buy a new radio to enhance the value of our car.
If you ... somewhere, you walk there in a slow, casual way.
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saunter
He sauntered along the river to the mill.
A place that is... with people or activity is full of people who are very busy or lively.
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bustling
The sidewalks are bustling with people.
If someone... a wild animal or bird, they train it not to be afraid of humans and to do what they say.
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tame
The Amazons were believed to have been the first to tame horses.
If you... someone or something that is dangerous, uncontrolled, or likely to cause trouble, you bring them under control.
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tame
Two regiments of cavalry were called out to tame the crowds.
If you ..., you cannot decide about something or you consider changing your mind about something.
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waver
Some military commanders wavered over whether to support the coup.
If something..., it shakes with very slight movements or changes.
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waver
This time his voice wavered badly.
If something ..., it makes a rapid series of short, harsh noises.
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crackle
1. The radio crackled again. 2... a crackling fire.
to confine, squeeze, or painfully press (toes, fingers, etc) because of lack of space
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pinch
These shoes are pinching my feet.
If you ... yourself or your reputation, you do something that makes people have a good opinion of you again after you have behaved or performed badly.
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redeem
Casting famous actors wasn't enough to redeem bad screenplay.
When something... an unpleasant thing or situation, it prevents it from being completely bad.
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redeem
Does this institution have any redeeming features?
to emphasize or reinforce (an argument, demand, etc)
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enforce
Their behaviour only enforces my theory about children.
If you ... a substance such as ink, paint, or make-up that has been put on a surface, you make it less neat by touching or rubbing it.
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smudge
You won't clean it that way! You'll only smudge the dirt.
If you say that you can or will ... for someone, you mean that you can guarantee their good behaviour.
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vouch for somebody
If you say that you can... for something, you mean that you have evidence from your own personal experience that it is true or correct.
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vouch for something
He cannot vouch for the accuracy of the story
If you say that someone is ... for information or praise, you disapprove of the fact that they are trying to get it from someone in an indirect way.
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fish
He didn't want to create the impression that he was... for information
If someone ... a particular feeling, attitude, or physical condition, they try to make other people think that they have it or are experiencing it, although this is not true.
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feign
One morning, I didn't want to go to school, and decided to feign illness.
If you ... something such as a pair of shoes, you tighten the shoes by pulling the laces through the holes, and usually tying them together.
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lace (up)
I have a good pair of skates, but no matter how tightly I lace them, my ankles wobble.
To... a person or animal means to capture or confine them. 🇺🇸
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corral
Within hours, police corralled the three men Lewis had named.
If part of a plant, animal, or human... a liquid, it produces it.
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secrete
The sweat glands secrete water
To ... means to come out from an enclosed or dark space such as a room or a vehicle, or from a position where you could not be seen.
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emerge
The postman emerged from his van soaked to the skin
If a fact or result... from a period of thought, discussion, or investigation, it becomes known as a result of it.
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emerge
It soon emerged that neither the July nor August mortgage repayment had been collected.
If an organization ... members or customers from another organization, they secretly or dishonestly persuade them to join them or become their customers.
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poach
The company authorised its staff to poach customers from the opposition
When you..., you suddenly take in your breath and then blow it down your nose noisily without being able to stop yourself, for example because you have a cold. 🤧
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sneeze
If someone ... fish, animals, or birds, they illegally catch them on someone else's property.
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poach
Many wildlife parks are regularly invaded by people poaching game
If you... a plot or a scheme, you think of it and work it out.
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hatch
They hatched a plot to set fire to the house.
If you... an area of grass, you cut it using a machine called a lawnmower.
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mow
He continued to mow the lawn and do other routine chores
If cloth or clothing ..., it becomes smaller in size, usually as a result of being washed
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shrink
Don't wash woollens in a washing machine, because they will shrink.
If something..., it becomes smaller.
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shrink
The vast forests of West Africa have shrunk.
When someone... a cigarette, cigar, or pipe, they suck the smoke from it into their mouth and blow it out again. If you..., you regularly... cigarettes, cigars, or a pipe.
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smoke
It's not easy to quit smoking cigarettes.
If you... on something, you spend a lot of money, usually on things that you do not need.
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splurge
We splurged on Bohemian glass for gifts, and for ourselves
When something that you are looking at ..., it slowly becomes less bright or clear until it disappears.
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fade/ fade away
1. They watched the familiar mountains fade into the darkness 2. We watched the harbour and then the coastline fade away into the morning mist.

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