|
Question |
Answer |
przewidywany czas przyjazdu/przylotu start learning
|
|
estimated time of arrival / arrival ETA /ˌi: ti: ˈeɪ; US / abbr. estimated time of arrival; the time at which an aircraft, a ship, etc. is expected to arrive ▶ przewidywany czas przyjazdu/przylotu ⇨ look at ETD
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
etc. /ˌet ˈsetərə; US / abbr. et cetera; and so on, and other things of a similar kind sandwiches, biscuits, cakes, etc. ▶ itd. itp.
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
a glass tankard with his initials etched on it/a glass tankard etched with his initials szklany kufel z wyrytymi jego inicjałami A security number had been etched on the car window as a protection against theft. ▶ wytrawiać (wy)ryć etch /etʃ; US / verb etch A (with B); etch B (in/into/on A) [intransitive, transitive] to cut lines into a piece of glass, metal etc. in order to make words or a picture
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
The exhibition features a selection of his early etchings and drawings. the delicate work of engraving and etching ▶ akwaforta sztych etching /ˈetʃɪŋ; US / noun [countable, uncountable] a picture that is printed from anetched piece of metal; the art of making these pictures
|
|
|
przewidywany czas odjazdu start learning
|
|
estimated time of departure ETD /ˌi: ti: ˈdi:; US / abbr. estimated time of departure; the time at which an aircraft, ship, etc. is expected to leave ▶ przewidywany czas odjazdu/odlotu ⇨ look at ETA
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ eternally /-nəli; US / adv. I’ll be eternally grateful if you could help. ▶ wiecznie na wieki eternal /ɪˈtɜ: nl/ adj. 1 without beginning or end; existing or continuing for ever Some people believe in eternal life. ▶ wieczny 2[only before a noun] happening too often; seeming to last for ever I’m tired of these eternal arguments! ▶ wieczny
|
|
|
wieczność, nieskończoność start learning
|
|
2(an eternity) [sing.] (informal) a period of time that never seems to end It seemed like an eternity before the ambulance arrived. ▶ nieskończoność eternity /ɪˈtɜ: nəti; US / noun 1 [uncountable] time that has no end; the state or time after death ▶ wieczność
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ethanol /ˈeɵənɒl; US -nəʊl / noun [uncountable] the type of alcohol in alcoholic drinks, also used as a fuel or solvent ▶ etanol alkohol etylowy
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2(the ether) (old-fashioned) the upper part of the sky Her words disappeared into the ether. ▶ eter niebo powietrze 3(the ether) the air, when it is thought of as the place in which radiotakes place ▶ (fale radiowe itp.) eter ether /ˈi:ɵə(r); US / noun [uncountable] 1 a clear liquid made from alcohol, used in industry as a solvent and, in the past, in medicine to make people unconscious before an operation ▶ eter
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2[sing.] a system of moral principles or rules of behaviour a strongly defined work ethic the Protestant ethic ▶ etyka zasady etyczne 3(ethics) [uncountable] the branch of philosophy that deals with moral principles ▶ etyka ethic /ˈeɵɪk n 1 (ethics) [pl.] moral principles that control or influence a person’s behaviour professional/business/medical ethics to draw up a code of ethics He began to question the ethics of his position. ▶ etyka
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ ethically /-kli; US / adv. The committee judged that he had not behaved ethically. Doctors felt ethically obliged to continue the treatment. ▶ etycznie moralnie ethical /ˈeɵɪkl; US / adj. 1 connected with beliefs of what is right or wrong That is an ethical problem. ▶ etyczny 2 morally correct Although she didn’t break the law, her behaviour was certainly not ethical. ▶ etyczny moralny
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ethnic /ˈeɵnɪk; US / adj. connected with or typical of a particular race or religion ethnic food/music/clothes ethnic minorities mniejszości narodowe ▶ charakteryzujący daną grupę etniczną
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ˌethnic ˈcleansing noun [uncountable] the policy of forcing people of a certain race or religion to leave an area or country ▶ czystki etniczne
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
The main political parties have little to offer Britain’s ethnic minorities. ▶ mniejszość etniczna ˌethnic miˈnority noun [countable] a group of people from a particular culture or of a particular race living in a country where the main group is of a different culture or race
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ethnography /eɵˈnɒɡrəfi; US / noun [uncountable] the scientific description of different races and cultures ▶ etnografia □ ethnographic /ˌeɵnəˈɡræfɪk; US / adj. ethnographic research ▶ etnograficzny
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ethnology /eɵˈnɒlədʒi; US / noun [uncountable] the scientific study and comparison of human races ▶ etnologia □ ethnological /ˌeɵnəˈlɒdʒɪkl; US / adj. ▶ etnologiczny —ethnologist /eɵˈnɒlədʒɪst; US / noun [countable] ▶ etnolog
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ethos /ˈi:ɵɒs; US / noun [sing.] (formal) the moral ideas and attitudes that belong to a particular group or society an ethos of public service the carefree Californian ethos ▶ etos
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
etiquette /ˈetɪket; US / noun [uncountable] the rules of polite and correct behaviour professional etiquette ▶ etykieta
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2[countable] an explanation of the origin and history of a particular word ▶ etymologia pochodzenie (wyrazu) źródłosłów etymology /ˌetɪˈmɒlədʒi; US / noun (pl. etymologies) 1[uncountable] the study of the origins and history of words and their meanings ▶ etymologia
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
a tall straight tree with leaves that produce an oil with a strong smell, that is used in medicine. There are several types of eucalyptus and they grow especially in Australasia Koalas eat very few things besides eucalyptus leaves. ▶ eukaliptus eucalyptus /ˌju: kəˈlɪptəs; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (pl. eucalyptuses or eucalypti /-taɪ; US /) (also eucaˈlyptus tree)
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ euphemistic /ˌju: fəˈmɪstɪk; US / adj. euphemistic language ‘ We’re letting you go’ is a euphemistic way of saying ‘ You’re fired.’ ▶ eufemistyczny euphemism /ˈju: fəmɪzəm/ noun [c, unc] using a polite word or expression instead of a more direct one when you are talking about sth that is unpleasant or embarrassing; a word used in this way ‘ Pass away’ is a euphemism for ‘ die’. ▶ eufemizm
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
euphoria /ju:ˈfɔ: riə;/ noun [uncountable] (formal) a feeling of great happiness ▶ euforia □ euphoric /ju:ˈfɒrɪk; US; / adj. My euphoric mood could not last. His parents were less than euphoric about the news of his engagement. ▶ euforyczny
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
European1 /ˌjʊərəˈpi:ən; US / adj. of or from Europe European languages the European Championship ▶ europejski
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
European2 /ˌjʊərəˈpi:ən; US / noun [countable] a person from a European country ▶ Europej-czyk/ka
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
the Euroˌpean ˈUnion noun [sing.] (abbr. EU /ˌi: ˈju:; US /) an economic and political association of certain European countries ▶ Unia Europejska
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ˌEuro-ˈsceptic noun [countable] a person, especially a British politician, who is opposed to closer links with the European Union ▶ eurosceptyk □ ˌEuro-ˈsceptic adj. ▶ eurosceptyczny
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
euthanasia /ˌju:ɵəˈneɪziə; US -ˈneɪʒə / noun [uncountable] the practice (illegal in most countries) of killing without pain sb who wants to die because they are suffering from a disease that cannot be cured ▶ eutanazja
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ evacuation /ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] ▶ ewakuacja /ɪˈvækjueɪt ;/ [tran] to move people from a dangerous place to somewhere safer; to leave a place because it is dangerous Thousands of people were evacuated from the war zone. The village had to be evacuated when the river burst its banks. ▶ ewakuować
|
|
|
unikać, uchylać się od czegoś start learning
|
|
2 to avoid dealing with or doing sth He was accused of evading income tax. to evade responsibility I asked her directly, but she evaded the question. ▶ uchylać się od czegoś ⇨ noun evasion evade /ɪˈveɪd; US / verb [transitive] 1 to manage to escape from or to avoid meeting sb/sth They managed to evade capture and escaped to France. ▶ unikać
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] ▶ ocena evaluate /ɪˈvæljueɪt; US / verb [transitive] (formal) to study the facts and then form an opinion about sth We evaluated the situation very carefully before we made our decision. ▶ oceniać
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
evangelical /ˌi: vænˈdʒelɪkl; US / adj. (used about certain Protestant churches) believing that religious ceremony is not as important as belief in Jesus Christ and study of the Bible ▶ ewangelicki
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ evaporation /ɪˌvæpəˈreɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ wyparowanie parowanie zniknięcie evaporate /ɪˈvæpəreɪt/ verb [intran] 1 (used about a liquid) to change into steam or gas and disappear The water evaporated in the sunshine. ▶ wyparować 2 to disappear completely All her confidence evaporated when she saw the exam paper. ▶ znikać
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2 a statement that avoids dealing with a question or subject in a direct way The President’s reply was full of evasions (pełna wymijających odpowiedzi). ▶ unik wymówka wykręt ⇨ verb evade evasion /ɪˈveɪʒn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] 1 the act of avoiding sth that you should do He has been sentenced to two years’ imprisonment for tax evasion. an evasion of responsibility ▶ uchylanie się unik
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
evasive /ɪˈveɪsɪv; US / adj. trying to avoid sth; not direct Ann gave an evasive answer. ▶ wymijający
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
eve /i: v; US / noun [countable] the day or evening before a religious festival, important event, etc. New Year’s Eve He injured himself on the eve of the final. ▶ wigilia przeddzień
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
with one side being as good as the other The contest was very even until the last few minutes of the game. ▶ wyrównany OPPOSITE uneven 4 (used about numbers) that can be divided by two 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, etc. are even numbers. ▶ parzysty even1 /ˈi: vn; US / adj. 1 flat, level or smooth The game must be played on an even surface. ▶ równy gładki płaski 2 not changing; regular This wine must be stored at an even temperature ▶ równomierny 3 (used about a competition, etc.) equal,
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2even more, less, bigger, nicer, etc. (used when you are comparing things, to make the comparison stronger) You know even less about it than I do. It is even more difficult than I expected. We are even busier than yesterday. ▶ jeszcze even2 /ˈi: vn / adv. 1 (used for emphasizing sth that is surprising) It isn’t very warm here even in summer. Even the children helped. He didn’t even open the letter. I have been so busy that I haven’t even had time to read the newspaper. ▶ nawet
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ˌeven-ˈhanded adj. completely fair, especially when dealing with different groups of people He had an even-handed approach to the negotiations. Their role was to dispense even-handed justice. ▶ bezstronny sprawiedliwy
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
I went to the cinema on Saturday evening. Tom usually goes swimming on Wednesday evenings. Most people watch TV in the evening. ▶ wieczór evening /ˈi: vnɪŋ; US / noun [countable, uncountable] the part of the day between the afternoon and the time that you go to bed What are you doing this evening (dziś wieczorem)? We were out yesterday evening.
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ˈevening class noun [countable] a course of study for adults in the evening an evening class in car maintenance to go to/attend evening classes ▶ kurs wieczorowy
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ˈevening dress noun 1 [uncountable] elegant clothes worn for formal occasions in the evening ▶ strój wieczorowy 2[countable] a woman’s usually long formal dress ▶ suknia wieczorowa
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
evenly /ˈi: vnli; US / adv. in a smooth, regular or equal way The match was very evenly balanced. Spread the cake mixture evenly in the tin. ▶ równo
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2 a planned public or social occasion a fund-raising event ▶ impreza 3 one of the races, competitions, etc. in a sports programme The next event is the 800 metres. ▶ punkt programu konkurencja event /ɪˈvent; US / noun [countable] 1 something that happens, especially sth important or unusual a historic event The events of the past few days have made things very difficult for the Government. ▶ wydarzenie ⇨ look at happening
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ˌeven-ˈtempered adj. not easily made angry or upset He’s very even-tempered – in fact I’ve never seen him angry. ▶ zrównoważony
|
|
|
urozmaicony, obfity w wydarzenia start learning
|
|
eventful /ɪˈventfl; US / adj. full of important, dangerous, or exciting things happening ▶ bogaty w wydarzenia urozmaicony
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
Uwaga! Słowo eventual nie oznacza „ewentualny“. „Ewentualny“ to possible. eventual /ɪˈventʃuəl; US / adj. [only before a noun] happening as a result at the end of a period of time or of a process It is impossible to say what the eventual cost will be. the eventual break-up of their marriage ▶ końcowy ostateczny
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
Uwaga! Słowo eventually nie oznacza „ewentualnie“. „Ewentualnie“ to if necessary. SYNONYM finally eventually /ɪˈventʃuəli; US / adv. ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW in the end; finally He eventually managed to persuade his parents to let him buy a motor bike. ▶ w końcu ostatecznie
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ever- /ˈevə(r); US / [in compounds] always; continuously the ever-growing problem of pollution ▶ ciągle wciąż wiecznie
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
If you ever visit England, you must come and stay with us. Nobody ever (nikt nigdy) comes to see me. ▶ kiedykolwiek kiedy 2 (used in questions with verbs in the perfect tenses) at any time up to now Have you ever been to Spain? ▶ kiedykolwiek ever /ˈevə(r); US / adv. 1 (used in questions and negative sentences, when you are comparing things, and in sentences with if) at any time Do you ever wish you were famous? She hardly ever (rzadko kiedy) goes out. Today is hotter than ever.
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
evergreen /ˈevəɡri: n; US / noun [countable], adj. (a tree or bush) with green leaves all through the year ▶ (drzewo) wiecznie zielony zimozielony ⇨ look at deciduous
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
everlasting /ˌevəˈlɑ: stɪŋ; US ˈlæst- / adj. (formal) continuing for ever; never changing everlasting life/love ▶ wieczny nieskończony
|
|
|
Everyone odnosi się wyłącznie do ludzi. Nie występuje po nim of. Every one oznacza „każda osoba lub rzecz“ i często po nim występuje of: Every one of his records has been successful. Zob. też uwaga przy somebody. start learning
|
|
I’ve read every book in this house. You were out every time I phoned. ▶ każdy 2 all that is possible You have every chance of success. She had every reason to be angry. ▶ wszelki każdy every /ˈevri; US / determiner 1[used with singular nouns] all of the people or things in a group of three or more She knows every student in the school. There are 200 students in the school, and she knows every one of them.
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
The police questioned everyone who was at the party. I’m sure everybody else (wszyscy inni) will agree with me. ▶ każdy wszyscy ⇨ note at somebody everybody /ˈevribɒdi; US; -bʌdi / (also everyone /ˈevriwʌn; US /) pron. [with sing. verb] ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW every person; all people Is everybody here?
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
everyday /ˈevrideɪ; US / adj. [only before a noun] normal or usual The computer is now part of everyday life. ▶ codzienny powszedni
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
The police questioned everyone who was at the party. I’m sure everybody else (wszyscy inni) will agree with me. ▶ każdy wszyscy ⇨ note at somebody everybody /ˈevribɒdi; US; -bʌdi / (also everyone /ˈevriwʌn; US /) pron. [with sing. verb] ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW every person; all people Is everybody here?
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2 the most important thing Money isn’t everything. ▶ wszystko everything /ˈevriɵɪŋ; US / pron. [with sing. verb] 1 each thing; all things Sam lost everything in the fire. Everything is very expensive in this shop. We can leave everything else (resztę) until tomorrow. ▶ wszystko
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
everywhere /ˈevriweə(r); US / (also everyplace /ˈevripleɪs; US /) adv. in or to every place I’ve looked everywhere. ▶ wszędzie
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ eviction /; US / noun [countable, uncountable] ▶ eksmisja wysiedlenie evict /ɪˈvɪkt; US / verb [transitive] to force sb (officially) to leave the house or land which they are renting They were evicted for not paying the rent. ▶ eksmitować wysiedlać
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
There was not enough evidence to prove him guilty. Her statement to the police was used in evidence against him. The witnesses to the accident will be asked to give evidence in court. ▶ dowód świadectwo ⇨ note at court ⇨ look at proof evidence /ˈevɪdəns; US / noun [uncountable] evidence (of/for sth); evidence that... the facts, signs, etc. that make you believe that sth is true There was no evidence of a struggle in the room. You have absolutely no evidence for what you’re saying!
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
evident /ˈevɪdənt; US / adj. clear (to the eye or mind); obvious It was evident that the damage was very serious. ▶ jasny oczywisty
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
evidently /ˈevɪdəntli; US / adv. 1 clearly; that can be easily seen or understood She was evidently extremely shocked at the news. ▶ wygląda na to, że 2 according to what people say Evidently he has decided to leave. ▶ najwyraźniej jasne, że
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
Inny przymiotnik o tym samym znaczeniu to wicked. Oba są mocnymi wyrażeniami. Na niegrzeczne dzieci mówi się naughty lub mischievous. evil1 /ˈi: vl; US / adj. morally bad; causing trouble or harming people In the play, Richard is portrayed as an evil king. ▶ zły OPPOSITE good
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
evil2 /ˈi: vl; US / noun [uncountable, countable] a force that causes bad or harmful things to happen Drugs and alcohol are two of the evils of modern society. The play is about the good and evil in all of us. ▶ zło OPPOSITE good
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
evoke /ɪˈvəʊk; US / verb [transitive] (formal) to produce a memory, feeling, etc. in sb in a pleasant way For me, that music always evokes hot summer evenings. Her novel evoked a lot of interest. ▶ przywoływać wywoływać
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2 the process of change and development of sth that happens gradually Political evolution is a slow process. ▶ rozwój ewolucja evolution /ˌi: vəˈlu:ʃn; US ˌev-; US / noun [uncountable] 1 the development of plants, animals, etc. over many thousands of years from simple early forms to more advanced ones Darwin’s theory of evolution ▶ ewolucja
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
evolutionary /ˌi: vəˈlu:ʃənri; ˌev-; US -neri / adj. connected withevolution; connected with gradual development and change evolutionary theory evolutionary change ▶ ewolucyjny
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2 [intransitive] evolve (from sth) (used about plants, animals, etc.) to develop over many thousands of years from simple forms to more advanced ones ▶ rozwijać się ewoluować evolve /iˈvɒlv / verb 1 [intr, tran] (formal) to develop or to make sth develop gradually, from a simple to a more advanced form His style of painting has evolved over the past 20 years The twins have evolved a language of their own. ▶ rozwijać (się)
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2 able to work in a way that is completely accurate You need to be very exact when you calculate the costs. ▶ dokładny ścisły □ exactness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ dokładność precyzja /ɪɡˈzækt / adj. 1 (completely) correct; accurate What is the exact time? I can’t tell you the exact number of people who are coming. She’s the exact opposite of her sister. He’s in his mid-fifties. Well, 56 to be exact (ściśle mówiąc). ▶ dokładny
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
Where exactly are you going on holiday? He took exactly one hour to finish. ▶ dokładnie 3(informal) (used for agreeing with a statement) yes; you are right ‘ I don’t think she’s old enough to travel on her own.’ ‘ Exactly.’ ▶ właśnie dokładnie exactly /ɪɡˈzæktli; US / adv. 1 (used to emphasize that sth is correct in every way) just You’ve arrived at exactly the right moment. I found exactly what I wanted. ▶ dokładnie 2 (used to ask for, or give, completely correct information)
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ exaggerated /; US / adj. exaggerated claims ▶ przesadzony wyolbrzymiony —exaggeration /ɪɡˌzædʒəˈreɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] It’s rather an exaggeration to say that all the students are lazy. ▶ przesada wyolbrzymienie exaggerate /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪt; US / verb [intran, tran to make sth seem larger, better, worse, etc. than it really is Don’t exaggerate. I was only two minutes late, not twenty. The problems have been greatly exaggerated. ▶ przesadzać wyolbrzymiać
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
exam /ɪɡˈzæm/ (formal examination) n [c] a written, spoken or practical test of what you know or can do an English exam the exam results to revise for an exam to do/take/sit an exam zdawać egzamin to pass (zdać)/fail (oblać) an exam ▶ egzamin
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
a medical examination They made a thorough examination of the car before buying it. On close examination, it was found that the passport was false. ▶ badanie inspekcja zbadanie examination /ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn; US / noun 1 [countable] (formal) = exam 2[countable, uncountable] the act of looking at sth carefully, especially to see if there is anything wrong or to find the cause of a problem
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2examine sb/sth (for sth) to look at sb/sth carefully in order to find out sth The detective examined the room for clues. ▶ badać sprawdzać przeszukiwać examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ verb [tran] 1 to consider or study an idea, a subject, etc. very carefully These theories will be examined in more detail later on in the lecture. It is necessary to examine how the proposals can be carried out. ▶ badać analizować
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
examiner /ɪɡˈzæmɪnə(r); US / noun [countable] a person who tests sb in an exam ▶ egzaminator/ka
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
I don’t quite understand you. Can you give me an example of what you mean? ▶ przykład 2an example (to sb) a person or thing or a type of behaviour that is good and should be copied Joe’s bravery should be an example to us all. ▶ przykład wzór example /ɪɡˈzɑ: mp/ noun [c] 1an example (of sth) something such as an object, a fact or a situation which shows, explains or supports what you say This dictionary gives many examples of how words are used in sentences.
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ excavation /ˌekskəˈveɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] Excavations on the site have revealed Saxon objects. ▶ prace wykopaliskowe wydobywanie excavate /ˈekskəveɪt/ verb [intran, tran] to dig in the ground to look for old objects or buildings that have been buried for a long time; to find sth A Roman villa has been excavated in a valley near the village. ▶ prowadzić wykopaliska
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
excavator /ˈekskəveɪtə(r); US / noun [countable] a large machine that is used for digging and moving earth ▶ koparka
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2 to do more than the law, a rule, an order, etc. allows you to do He was stopped by the police for exceeding the speed limit. ▶ przekraczać ⇨ look at excess, excessive exceed /ɪkˈsi: d; US / verb [transitive] 1 to be more than a particular number or amount The weight should not exceed 20 kilos. ▶ przekraczać przewyższać
|
|
|
znakomitość, świetność, doskonałość start learning
|
|
excellence /ˈeksələns; US / noun [uncountable] the quality of being very good The head teacher said that she wanted the school to be a centre of academic excellence. ▶ znakomitość świetność doskonałość
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
excellent /ˈeksələnt; US / adj. very good; of high quality He speaks excellent French. ▶ znakomity świetny doskonały ⇨ note at good □ excellently /; US / adv. ▶ znakomicie świetnie doskonale
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
I can answer all of the questions except for the last one. It was a good hotel except that it was rather noisy. ▶ oprócz poza prócz tego except1 /ɪkˈsept/ prep. except (for) sb/sth; except that... not including sb/sth; apart from the fact that The museum is open every day except Mondays. Everyone except Tony is going on the trip.
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ excepting /; US / prep. I swim every day excepting Sundays. ▶ wyłączając wyjąwszy except2 /ɪkˈsept/ verb [tran, often passive] (formal) except sb/sth (from sth) to leave sb/sth out; to not include sb/sth Nobody is excepted from helping with the housework. ▶ wyłączać wykluczać
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
exception /ɪkˈsepʃn/ noun [c] Most of his songs are awful but this one is an exception. There’s an exception to every rule. Everybody was poor as a student and I was no exception. ▶ wyjątek odstępstwo
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
adv. The past year has been exceptionally difficult for us. ▶ wyjątkowo exceptional /ɪkˈsepʃənl ; US / adj. very unusual; unusually good You will only be allowed to leave early in exceptional circumstances. We have had a really exceptional summer. ▶ wyjątkowy SYNONYM outstanding □ exceptionally /-ʃənəli ; US /
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
excerpt /ˈeksɜ: pt; US / noun [countable] a short piece taken from a book, film, piece of music, etc. ▶ fragment urywek
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
excess1 /ɪkˈses; US / noun [sing.] an excess (of sth) more of sth than is necessary or usual; too much of sth An excess of fat in your diet can lead to heart disease. ▶ nadmiar przesada
|
|
|
nadmierny, przekraczający normę start learning
|
|
excess2 /ˈekses; US / adj. [only before a noun] more than is usual or allowed; extra Cut any excess fat off the meat. excess baggage nadbagaż ▶ nadmierny przekraczający normę ⇨ verb exceed
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ excessively /; US / adv. I think you are being excessively pessimistic about this. excessive /ɪkˈsesɪv; US / adj. too much; too great or extreme He was driving at excessive speed when he crashed. ▶ wygórowany nadmierny przesadny ▶ nadmiernie przesadnie
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
exchange, foreign currency 2[uc] the relation in value between kinds of money used in different countries The exchange rate is one pound to 250 yen. What’s the exchange rate for dollars? Most of the country’s foreign exchange (dewiz) comes from oil. ▶ wymiana waluta obca exchange1 /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ; US / noun 1[c, uc] giving or receiving sth in return for sth else a useful exchange of information We can offer free accommodation in exchange for (w zamian za) some help in the house. ▶ wymiana zamiana
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
Claire and Molly exchanged addresses with the boys. They exchanged glances. ▶ wymieniać zamieniać exchange2 /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ; US / verb [transitive] exchange A for B; exchange sth (with sb) to give or receive sth in return for sth else I would like to exchange this skirt for a bigger size.
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
excise /ˈeksaɪz; US / noun [uncountable] a government tax on certain goods that are produced or sold inside a country, for example cigarettes, alcohol, etc. ▶ akcyza podatek akcyzowy ⇨ look at customs
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
excitable /ɪkˈsaɪtəbl; US / adj. easily excited ▶ pobudliwy
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
2 to make sb react in a particular way The programme excited great interest. ▶ wzbudzać wzniecać excite /ɪkˈsaɪt; US / verb [transitive] ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1 to make sb feel happy and enthusiastic or nervous Don’t excite the baby too much or we’ll never get him off to sleep. ▶ pobudzać podniecać
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
□ excitedly /; US / adv. ▶ z podnieceniem excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd; US / adj. excited (about/at/by sth) feeling or showing happiness and enthusiasm; not calm Are you getting excited about your holiday? We’re all very excited at the thought of moving house. ▶ podniecony
|
|
|
podniecienie, podekscytowanie start learning
|
|
The children could not hide their excitement on Christmas Eve. There was great excitement as the winner’s name was announced. The match was full of excitement until the very last minute. ▶ podniecenie zdenerwowanie excitement /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt; US / noun [uncountable] ⇨ the state of being excited, especially because sth interesting is happening or will happen
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ; US / adj. ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW causing strong feelings of pleasure and interest That’s very exciting news. Berlin is one of the most exciting cities in Europe. ▶ podniecający ciekawy
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
exclaim /ɪkˈskleɪm; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] to say sth suddenly and loudly because you are surprised, angry, etc. ‘ I just don’t believe it!’ he exclaimed. ▶ wykrzykiwać
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
exclamation /ˌekskləˈmeɪʃn; US / noun [countable] a short sound, word or phrase that you say suddenly because of a strong emotion, pain, etc. ‘ Ouch!’ is an exclamation. ▶ okrzyk krzyk SYNONYM interjection
|
|
|
|
start learning
|
|
ˌexclaˈmation mark (US ˌexclaˈmation point) noun [countable] a mark (!) that is written after an exclamation ▶ wykrzyknik
|
|
|
